This zzzz is a newari thangka or Paubaha, Paubha, also known as "paubhas," is a traditional religious painting created by the Newar people of Nepal. These exquisite artworks depict various subjects, including deities, mandalas, and monuments, and serve as aids for meditation and spiritual practices. Paubhas are similar to Tibetan Thangka paintings and are highly regarded for their religious and cultural significance.
While most paubhas portray Buddhist subjects, there are also a few that incorporate Hindu themes. The creation of these paintings is seen as a means of earning religious merit for both the artist and the patron. Newar Buddhists often commission skilled artists, primarily from the Chitrakar caste (known as Pun in Nepal Bhasa), to paint paubhas that are displayed during festivals and special occasions.

One remarkable paubha, depicting Amitabha Buddha, is housed in the Los Angeles County Museum. Believed to be from the 11th century (Nepal Sambat 485), it showcases the artistic prowess of Newar painters. Their skill made them highly sought-after throughout the Himalayan region and even as far as China. In fact, Newar artists and merchants played a significant role in spreading the art of paubha to Tibet, where it evolved into the Tibetan thangka style.

The Newar people's mastery of paubha painting highlights their rich artistic heritage and their devotion to Buddhism. These intricate and spiritually meaningful artworks continue to be cherished and admired both within Nepal and internationally. They stand as a testament to the profound artistic traditions of the Newar community and their cultural contributions to the wider Himalayan region.

The painting

Paubhas are painted on a rectangular piece of canvas. It is prepared by applying a mixture of buffalo glue and white clay on it. The surface is then rubbed with a smooth stone to give it polish. The painting is done according to the rules and dimensions handed down by tradition, and artists cannot exercise their creativity.

The paint is made from minerals and plants. Gold and silver paint are also used on paubhas. The eyes of the deity are painted when the rest of the painting has been completed, and is known as "mikh? ch?yekegu" (opening the eyes). Brocade is sewn to the edge of the paubha to make a frame for display.

From a composition perspective, the surface of Paubha is usually occupied of a large figure in the center that is placed inside a shrine and surrounded by registers of smaller figures on the sides; the background is usually filled in with natural elements such as rocks rendered in abstract patterns. The color is often deep and subdued with subtle shadings of the figures and exquisite renderings of details that are the hallmarks of early Nepalese paubhas