Simhamukha Yogini, Senge Dongma, Chocolate Oxidized, 22 cm, made by Copper, Buddhist Statue, Singhamukha Yogini

Date Added : 2014-07-04 18:01:42 (2078)Views


Simhamukha Yogini, Senge Dongma, Chocolate Oxidized
Code	HME10542
Size	Height 22cm (9") 22
Weight	1500 1.5 kg - 3.31 lbs
Material	Copper
Availability	Subject to Avilability

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Simhamukha Yogini
Simhamukha or Senge Dongma can be translated into English as Lion-Faced Dakini. According to the Indian traditions followed by the Sarma schools, the dakini Simhamukha is a tutelary deity arising out of the Chakrasamvara cycle of Tantras and belongs to the Anuttarayoga 'wisdom' classification. The Sarma schools' Simhamukha is unrelated to the deity of the same name and appearance which arose in the later indigenous Tibetan Nyingma 'terma' (treasure) traditions, where she is regarded as the secret form of Guru Rinpoche (Padmasambhava). According to the Nyingma school, this dakini and female tantric Buddha is the principal dakini teacher and one of the principal fierce manifestations of Padmasambhava, the 8th Century mahasiddha, claimed to be the founder of the same school. As such, she is connected with many ceremonies of the Dzogchen tradition. A fierce dakini, she is also one of the Phramenma, a group of female deities from the Bardo Thödol, or 'Tibetan Book of the Dead'. The female lama Jetsun Lochen (1865- 1951) founded a Simhamukha practice lineage. Read More

RIGPA SHEDRA names him Senge Dradok describing him to be one of the eight principal forms assumed by Guru Rinpoche at different points in his life, Senge Dradok's activity being "the subjugation of non-buddhists".dred upholders of wrong views in debate at Bodhgaya. He reversed their magic with the aid of a wrathful mantra given him by the lion-faced dakini Marajita. ,

Simhamukha is iconographically represented as a wrathful deity who is usually depicted as a dark blue, or maroon, coloured lion-faced female and is associated with the direction East. As Simhavaktra, an alternate form of Simhamukha, she is also an attendant of the Dharmapala Palden Lhamo, in which case she is depicted as carrying both a kapala, or skullcup, and a kartika, or ritual knife.

According to Sengdongma (lion-faced dakini) is a wrathful manifestation of Padmasambhava [Guru Rinpoche] who eliminates obstacles, whereas Sinhavaktra is a dark blue Lion-head Dakini who dispels obstacles to enlightenment. She holds a broad-bladed knife and skull cup.

In Hinduism
Every Hindu temple has the face of lion at the apex entrance carved artistically. This lion-face appears at the top of the door, niche, and windows as well. The countenances of man and lion are fused and it is also known as Simhamuka or Simhalalata. It is supposed to lead worshippers to Supreme Reality.

Simhamukha usually indicates Rahu (eclipse). One of the nine planets, Rahu stands for a devourer. There is a Puranic story. During the fight between gods and demons for nectar or Amrita, the demon Rahu tried to get a sip of drink of immortality, stealthily. But he was caught in the nick of time by the Surya (the Sun God) and Chandra (the Moon God) and Lord Vishnu was informed instantly. He cut off Rahu's head. But the head became immortal, having tasted a drop of nectar. Rahu now tried to swallow Sun and Moon when they passed near him. During eclipses (grahana), this scene is repeated according to believers.

Rahu is the son of Simhika or the lioness, who symbolizes destruction. The incarnation of Narasimha has this concept behind it. The earliest carving of Kirtimuka or Simhamukha is seen in the stupa at Amaravati (2nd century C.E.). Dancers of Cambodia use Kirtimuka as a headdress. Artifacts and any worship-worthy idols or mandaps carry this symbol.

==Tibet == Within the Nyingma School, of the two divisions of Kama (Oral Teachings) and Terma (Revealed Treasures), Simhamukha belongs to the Terma. From the three general divisions of Terma: Root, Branch and Essence, Simhamukha belongs to the Dakini Cycle within the Root Terma class. Only in the Nyingma tradition she is regarded as the secret form of Guru Rinpoche Padmasambhava. Otherwise, in the Sarma Traditions coming from India, the deity Simhamukha is found in the Chakrasamvara Cycle of Tantras. Although both forms are similar in name and appearance, they are unrelated.

The dakini Simhamukha is a tutelary deity arising out of the Chakrasamvara cycle of Tantras and belongs to the Anuttarayoga 'wisdom' classification. The Sarma tradition Simhamukha is unrelated to the deity of the same name and appearance in the Nyingma 'terma' (treasure) traditions. In that tradition, of the many forms of Padmasambhava, Simhamukha is a secret form of Guru Rinpoche.

Gelugpa lineage: Vajradhara, Dakini Simhamukha, Vajrasana, Bari Lotsawa Rinchen Drag, Sachen Kunga Nyingpo (1092-1158) and the five Holy Superiors of Sakya, Rongpa Dorje Gyaltsen, Sanggye Yeshe, Yak De Panchen, Gyalwa Tsongkapa (1357-1419), etc.

There is reference to this protector's emanations in the Shurangama Mantra found in the Tibetan Chandragomin's Shurangama Mantra Sadhana translated from the original Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit into Tibetan (Tibetan canon Tengyur Karchag Phangthangma Toh 3096, Toh 593/2/1), and also Padmankusha's Text Toh 3106, and the Vajrasana's Text Toh 3110 - Sarvatathāgataoṣṇīṣaśitātapatrā-nāmāparājitā-mahāpratyangirā-mahāvidyārājñī-nāma-dhāraṇī; Tibetan name is ['phags pa] De bshin gshegs pa'i gtsug tor nas byung ba'i gdugs dkar po can gshan gyi mi thub pa phir bzlog pa chen mo mchog tu grub pa shes bya ba'i gzungs.

About Chocolate Oxidized
This Simhamukha Yogini has been meticulously treated with a chocolate color antique patina. The intention behind this patina is to replicate the appearance of a copper statue that has gracefully aged over a century. Unlike a simple coat of paint, this patina is not applied superficially and is designed to endure. It undergoes an artificial oxidation process that adds depth and character, while also serving as a protective layer against natural oxidation.
By imitating the natural aging process, the chocolate color antique patina lends an air of authenticity and vintage charm to the Simhamukha Yogini. This carefully crafted finish ensures that the patina remains intact for an extended period, offering longevity and resistance to wear. The result is a unique piece that captures the essence of a time-worn copper statue, evoking a sense of history and artistic heritage.

Lost-Wax System
This Simhamukha Yogini is made by the process of the Lost-Wax system. The lost-wax process, also known as investment casting, is a time-honored technique used to create metal sculptures. It involves several steps that have been practiced for thousands of years. Skilled artisans begin by sculpting a detailed wax model, capturing every intricate detail of the desired sculpture. The wax model is then coated with a ceramic shell, formed by multiple layers of ceramic material. Once the shell has cured, the wax is melted and drained out, leaving behind a cavity. Molten metal is poured into the cavity, creating a precise replica of the original wax model. After the metal has cooled and solidified, the ceramic shell is carefully removed, revealing the final metal sculpture.

Process of loss wax system
The lost-wax process offers exceptional quality control and customization, making it a preferred choice for artists seeking intricate and personalized metal artwork. Despite the availability of newer methods, the traditional lost-wax technique continues to be valued for its historical significance and the craftsmanship it embodies.

The method of metal casting in which molten metal is poured into a mold that has been created by means of a wax model. Once the mold is made, the wax model is melted and drained away. Bronze statues come to life differently than marble statues. Instead of carving a block or marble, the bronze artist uses the lost-wax technique to make a series of molds and then pours melted bronze into the final mold to create the sculpture. This method has been around since 4500 BCE.

There are a few important steps in the lost wax casting process:
Step 1: Sculpting ( It all starts in the studio with an idea, Then figuring out how to realize the vision in clay.)
Step 2: Mold Making.
Step 3: Wax Pouring.
Step 5: Wax Spring.
Step 6: Shell Dipping.
Step 7: Bronze Pouring.

Interestingly enough Loss wax process is also called Investment casting because after layers have been formed and dried, the wax is melted out of the ceramic tree by using steam (120°C) in an autoclave. This is why it is called "lost wax casting". The majority of the molten wax can then be regenerated and reusable.

Before Making statue :At work room making the wax models.	Softening a piece of wax over a brazier.	Relaxing after softening the wax The working environment with works in progress.
Working the face of an Ekajata wax model.	Working the face of wax model.Using a modeling tool to form the face of Ekajata.	Deatail of wax model
The design for Ekajata compared to the Tibetan book on which it was based.Statues Maker Are master in buddhism .	Detail of A partially finished Candamaharoshana (Acala) wax figure made in the Tibetan style.	A finished wax image of Mahakala.
Anthor Finished Wax Model of Shakyamuni Buddha	One of the modelers working in the room shows the Pehar image on which he is working.	The artist showed how the goat , which had been completed earlier, fits under the image. ,
Tej Jyoti Shakya and his wife, Nani Maya Shakya Covering the wax model in a mixture of clay and dung	Pressing the mixture of clay and dung around the wax image.	The board with the clay and dung mixture ready for use.
Model Pieces drying after the initial (dipped) thin layer of fine clay.	Clay-covered model pieces drying in the sun.	Molds waiting to be put into the burnout furnace
The same molds, seen in the previous image, in the burnout furnace	The double row of refractory bricks used to support the heated molds during casting.	The melting furnace and a pile of coke used for melting the metals. Laying the bed of coke in the melting furnace.
The first ignition of the coke.	Checking the coke bed.	The electric blower used to force air into the melting furnace
Beginning to fill the crucibles with scrap copper.	Preparing the bed of burning coke to receive the crucibles	Sorting various metals used in the alloys.
Weighing precious metals that are used in the alloys	Weighing copper from Singapore to achieve a correct alloy.	Different sizes of crucibles and various types of metals to be cast in this melt.
Placing the crucibles in the bed of coke filled with metal are in place.	After the crucibles are in place, more coke is piled around them.	The crucibles are covered with scrap metal to hold in the heat.
The electric fan is then connected.Soon a very hot flame is produced.	The entire furnace temperature goes up to about 1800 -1900 degrees.	Setting up molds in between the refractory bricks to receive the molten metal. Handling the molds with asbestos gloves and bracing them with fragments of bricks.
Pouring the molten metal into the base of a mold	Another view of the artists pouring the molten metal.Detailed view showing the molten metal being poured into the sprues.	Preparing to lift and pour molten metal from one of the larger crucibles.
Cooling a mold containing the recently poured metal.	Beginning to break away the clay mold from the metal casting. The mold breaks away revealing the metal image inside	The first metal image from the day's work.
Examining the image for flaws	Two auras (prabhamandalas), one that cast perfectly and one (in front) that only partially filled.	Opening more molds

Researchers mark specific metal images for future identification.	Cleaning the details of the image with a metal tool.	Sawing off the sprues from Aura image. The sprue metal will be reused in future castings.

Two auras that worked perfectly. The one on the right has been cut off of the sprues, while the one on the left still has the sprues attached.	The finishing specialist begins the finishing process with a set of tools, including a small hammer. to give more detail	The entire surface of the image will be gently hammered to a final, almost polished finish.

The finisher's tools and the work in progress	Finishing work on an image of the Buddha.	Hammering the chest of an image that is being held against the work block

A Buddha image hammered and chased to the final, detailed finish.	Cleaning in a very mild acid bath. The image and prabhamandala are placed in a final acidic bath to make sure the surface is absolutely clean.	Drying the image with a blow torch.